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	<title>Comments on: A possible link between pollution and crime&#8212;and&#160;marshmallows</title>
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	<description>Brain candy for Happy Mutants</description>
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		<title>By: L-Train8</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127937</link>
		<dc:creator>L-Train8</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127937</guid>
		<description>It&#039;s things like this that make the public so suspicious of cell phone radiation (or immunization or whatever). Lead in paint and gas for years was great science making our world better, until it turned out that it caused all kinds of problems. Shoe stores used to have X-Ray machines to size your feet, until we realized that radiation causes all kinds of problems.

These historical incidents have undermined public faith in technology and in industry&#039;s ability to regulate itself and tell the public the truth. </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s things like this that make the public so suspicious of cell phone radiation (or immunization or whatever). Lead in paint and gas for years was great science making our world better, until it turned out that it caused all kinds of problems. Shoe stores used to have X-Ray machines to size your feet, until we realized that radiation causes all kinds of problems.</p>
<p>These historical incidents have undermined public faith in technology and in industry&#8217;s ability to regulate itself and tell the public the truth. </p>
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		<title>By: j9c</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1128453</link>
		<dc:creator>j9c</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1128453</guid>
		<description>Hi SamSam. I work for an environmental engineer, so the short answer is: you grow a season&#039;s worth of plants (in post-Katrina New Orleans, the boss encouraged people to grow sunflowers to suck up the heavy metals out of the soil), and at the end of the season, with the plants at their largest, you pull them, bag them, and send them to the landfill. The plants themselves then hold the toxins, and would release them were they to rot or turn to dust.

Test--or re-test--the soil (a county or university extension service does this for nominal fee) at the end of each growing season until the contamination levels are within &quot;acceptable&quot; ranges, then plant food crops.

I realize the trash-bag approach is not an ideal procedure, because among other things, it relies on landfills for &quot;final&quot; sequestration of heavy metals (bound up in plant material). But growing plants is cheap, and it&#039;s more workable and cheaper than removing all the contaminated soil and replacing it with safe soil. Growing mustard, sunflowers or other plant &quot;hyperaccumulators&quot; can be a very effective low-tech solution in a place that may not have other options at hand. More, briefly, here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.starhawk.org/permaculture/NOLA_bio_basics.html&quot;&gt;http://www.starhawk.org/permaculture/NOLA_bio_basics.html&lt;/a&gt;

Wrt getting the lead out in particular: &lt;a href=&quot;http://isebindia.com/01_04/04-04-4.html&quot;&gt;http://isebindia.com/01_04/04-04-4.html&lt;/a&gt;

There are plenty of lists if you&#039;re serious about using bioremediation, which includes both plants and fungi, to clean the soil. Thank goodness the science on this has been cooking for many years now, and the solid data is in. It works.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi SamSam. I work for an environmental engineer, so the short answer is: you grow a season&#8217;s worth of plants (in post-Katrina New Orleans, the boss encouraged people to grow sunflowers to suck up the heavy metals out of the soil), and at the end of the season, with the plants at their largest, you pull them, bag them, and send them to the landfill. The plants themselves then hold the toxins, and would release them were they to rot or turn to dust.</p>
<p>Test&#8211;or re-test&#8211;the soil (a county or university extension service does this for nominal fee) at the end of each growing season until the contamination levels are within &#8220;acceptable&#8221; ranges, then plant food crops.</p>
<p>I realize the trash-bag approach is not an ideal procedure, because among other things, it relies on landfills for &#8220;final&#8221; sequestration of heavy metals (bound up in plant material). But growing plants is cheap, and it&#8217;s more workable and cheaper than removing all the contaminated soil and replacing it with safe soil. Growing mustard, sunflowers or other plant &#8220;hyperaccumulators&#8221; can be a very effective low-tech solution in a place that may not have other options at hand. More, briefly, here: <a href="http://www.starhawk.org/permaculture/NOLA_bio_basics.html">http://www.starhawk.org/permaculture/NOLA_bio_basics.html</a></p>
<p>Wrt getting the lead out in particular: <a href="http://isebindia.com/01_04/04-04-4.html">http://isebindia.com/01_04/04-04-4.html</a></p>
<p>There are plenty of lists if you&#8217;re serious about using bioremediation, which includes both plants and fungi, to clean the soil. Thank goodness the science on this has been cooking for many years now, and the solid data is in. It works.</p>
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		<title>By: Ugly Canuck</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1128198</link>
		<dc:creator>Ugly Canuck</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1128198</guid>
		<description>&quot;There are people who can&#039;t (or shouldn&#039;t) grow gardens in Detroit because lead concentrations in soils are so high.&quot;

One word : phytoremediation. 

&quot;Lead: using Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea), Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), Hemp Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum), or Poplar trees, which sequester lead in their biomass.&quot;

From:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytoremediation

Just give us some time, it can get better!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;There are people who can&#8217;t (or shouldn&#8217;t) grow gardens in Detroit because lead concentrations in soils are so high.&#8221;</p>
<p>One word : phytoremediation. </p>
<p>&#8220;Lead: using Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea), Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), Hemp Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum), or Poplar trees, which sequester lead in their biomass.&#8221;</p>
<p>From:</p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytoremediation" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytoremediation</a></p>
<p>Just give us some time, it can get better!</p>
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		<title>By: Logolepsy</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127963</link>
		<dc:creator>Logolepsy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127963</guid>
		<description>Interesting. 20% of the American kids got to the second marshmallow. Well, 33% of the Colombian kids got to the second marshmallow. Draw your own conclusions. See Joachim de Posada&#039;s experiment here: http://www.ted.com/talks/joachim_de_posada_says_don_t_eat_the_marshmallow_yet.html</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Interesting. 20% of the American kids got to the second marshmallow. Well, 33% of the Colombian kids got to the second marshmallow. Draw your own conclusions. See Joachim de Posada&#8217;s experiment here: <a href="http://www.ted.com/talks/joachim_de_posada_says_don_t_eat_the_marshmallow_yet.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.ted.com/talks/joachim_de_posada_says_don_t_eat_the_marshmallow_yet.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: bwcbwc</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1130011</link>
		<dc:creator>bwcbwc</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1130011</guid>
		<description>If this is true, then the % of preschoolers who can hold out for more in the marshmallow test should be increasing.

I can see it now: every kindergartner in the country is given the marshmallow test as a predictor of their ability to achieve as an adult. Oog.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If this is true, then the % of preschoolers who can hold out for more in the marshmallow test should be increasing.</p>
<p>I can see it now: every kindergartner in the country is given the marshmallow test as a predictor of their ability to achieve as an adult. Oog.</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1128734</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1128734</guid>
		<description>I was one of the marshmallow kids.  Here&#039;s the thing:  I don&#039;t like marshmallows and never have.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I was one of the marshmallow kids.  Here&#8217;s the thing:  I don&#8217;t like marshmallows and never have.</p>
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		<title>By: Gutierrez</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127967</link>
		<dc:creator>Gutierrez</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127967</guid>
		<description>Nice.  Looks like I have some reading to do.  If I don&#039;t nothing will be certain.  Or is that nothing is certain even with that knowledge?  Or is that depending on what I observe the certainty of my idea may or not be correlated to what I may not have observed?  Dogs and cats, living together, mass hysteria!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Nice.  Looks like I have some reading to do.  If I don&#8217;t nothing will be certain.  Or is that nothing is certain even with that knowledge?  Or is that depending on what I observe the certainty of my idea may or not be correlated to what I may not have observed?  Dogs and cats, living together, mass hysteria!</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1128744</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1128744</guid>
		<description>Of course it has nothing to do with a population bubble.  This is exactly the same time a huge portion of our population was moving into an age when crime is a more likely option.  These poeple aged past their crime tendancy years and crime has drastically fallen since.  We call these people the baby boomers.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Of course it has nothing to do with a population bubble.  This is exactly the same time a huge portion of our population was moving into an age when crime is a more likely option.  These poeple aged past their crime tendancy years and crime has drastically fallen since.  We call these people the baby boomers.</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127982</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127982</guid>
		<description>All this would take is the marshmallow test and blood lead tests.   I mean, the children theses days most often exposed to lead either live in substandard housing pre-1970s that has been unabated of course, or are children of relatively well to do parents who are remodeling and rehabbing historic structures.   I think it would be interesting to look at the two populations given the stratified economic strength and impulse control as correlated to lead exposure.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>All this would take is the marshmallow test and blood lead tests.   I mean, the children theses days most often exposed to lead either live in substandard housing pre-1970s that has been unabated of course, or are children of relatively well to do parents who are remodeling and rehabbing historic structures.   I think it would be interesting to look at the two populations given the stratified economic strength and impulse control as correlated to lead exposure.</p>
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		<title>By: mojo</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127736</link>
		<dc:creator>mojo</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127736</guid>
		<description>*sigh*

Correlation is not causation.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>*sigh*</p>
<p>Correlation is not causation.</p>
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		<title>By: Maggie Koerth-Baker</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127744</link>
		<dc:creator>Maggie Koerth-Baker</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127744</guid>
		<description>Which is why I specified that this was a theory supported by correlation and mechanism, but not causation. It&#039;s not proven. But it&#039;s still interesting. Especially given the fact that, as you&#039;ll see in Lehrer&#039;s article, nobody really knows why crime has fallen so much over the last 30 years. 

</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Which is why I specified that this was a theory supported by correlation and mechanism, but not causation. It&#8217;s not proven. But it&#8217;s still interesting. Especially given the fact that, as you&#8217;ll see in Lehrer&#8217;s article, nobody really knows why crime has fallen so much over the last 30 years. </p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127745</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127745</guid>
		<description>But correlation and causation do correlate!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>But correlation and causation do correlate!</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127746</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127746</guid>
		<description>Right, that&#039;s why the bulk of the post details a plausible causal mechanism that explains the correlation.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Right, that&#8217;s why the bulk of the post details a plausible causal mechanism that explains the correlation.</p>
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		<title>By: Gutierrez</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127748</link>
		<dc:creator>Gutierrez</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127748</guid>
		<description>But without recognizing the correlation between two facts causation cannot be proven.

Of course, proving a definite causal link between human murder and lead exposure sounds like it won&#039;t pass through any IRB I know.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>But without recognizing the correlation between two facts causation cannot be proven.</p>
<p>Of course, proving a definite causal link between human murder and lead exposure sounds like it won&#8217;t pass through any IRB I know.</p>
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		<title>By: Jonathan Badger</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127749</link>
		<dc:creator>Jonathan Badger</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127749</guid>
		<description>More specifically, correlation doesn&#039;t *have* to be causation -- a slightly different formulation. While I&#039;m as annoyed as anyone by the mass media picking up the latest barely statistically significant correlation and spinning it as proved causation, the fact is you can&#039;t find causation without finding correlation first. Most correlations will later be shown to be artifacts. But not all.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>More specifically, correlation doesn&#8217;t *have* to be causation &#8212; a slightly different formulation. While I&#8217;m as annoyed as anyone by the mass media picking up the latest barely statistically significant correlation and spinning it as proved causation, the fact is you can&#8217;t find causation without finding correlation first. Most correlations will later be shown to be artifacts. But not all.</p>
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		<title>By: RyanH</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127753</link>
		<dc:creator>RyanH</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127753</guid>
		<description>No, but correlation can make frantic gestures while nodding its head in the direction of causation.

The whole Correlation =/= Causation thing gets trotted out way too often. Yes, random facts that happen to share some vague mathematical relationship are probably meaningless. But this is an example where they have a proposed connection between the two variables and the whole thing is built on relatively settled science.

Interesting follow-ups would be doing marshmallow tests in different areas of lead exposure and doing follow ups to track changes over time.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>No, but correlation can make frantic gestures while nodding its head in the direction of causation.</p>
<p>The whole Correlation =/= Causation thing gets trotted out way too often. Yes, random facts that happen to share some vague mathematical relationship are probably meaningless. But this is an example where they have a proposed connection between the two variables and the whole thing is built on relatively settled science.</p>
<p>Interesting follow-ups would be doing marshmallow tests in different areas of lead exposure and doing follow ups to track changes over time.</p>
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		<title>By: farcedude</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127759</link>
		<dc:creator>farcedude</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127759</guid>
		<description>Yes, but as Randall Munroe said, &quot;Correlation doesn&#039;t imply causation, but it does waggle its eyebrows suggestively and gesture furtively while mouthing &#039;look over there&#039;.&quot;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Yes, but as Randall Munroe said, &#8220;Correlation doesn&#8217;t imply causation, but it does waggle its eyebrows suggestively and gesture furtively while mouthing &#8216;look over there&#8217;.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1128271</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1128271</guid>
		<description>I&#039;m doing some research to post a bit on that report in the next couple weeks.

Right now, there is very, very, very little known definitively about what is the relationship between pollution and criminality. And what we do know for sure cannot (at this point) be tied to lead exposure.

I&#039;m all for calling out correlations when they happen. But I also happen to think it&#039;s pretty unnecessary (and, in fact, somewhat discrediting of situations where the evidence is strong) to take largely undocumented phenomenon of unknown origin and call them correlation.
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m doing some research to post a bit on that report in the next couple weeks.</p>
<p>Right now, there is very, very, very little known definitively about what is the relationship between pollution and criminality. And what we do know for sure cannot (at this point) be tied to lead exposure.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m all for calling out correlations when they happen. But I also happen to think it&#8217;s pretty unnecessary (and, in fact, somewhat discrediting of situations where the evidence is strong) to take largely undocumented phenomenon of unknown origin and call them correlation.</p>
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		<title>By: roboton</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127760</link>
		<dc:creator>roboton</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127760</guid>
		<description>Will the correlation is not causation people please go back to sulking behind the lonely green glow of their Ubuntu terminals and leave us happy mutant people alone to squee in glee over the wild and wonderful things that are (possibly) abound in this world?

Seriously, we get it. Move on to a new trick now. Kthxbye!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Will the correlation is not causation people please go back to sulking behind the lonely green glow of their Ubuntu terminals and leave us happy mutant people alone to squee in glee over the wild and wonderful things that are (possibly) abound in this world?</p>
<p>Seriously, we get it. Move on to a new trick now. Kthxbye!</p>
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		<title>By: SamSam</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1128275</link>
		<dc:creator>SamSam</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1128275</guid>
		<description>Heck, we can&#039;t grow gardens in Cambridge Massachusetts, so forget about Detroit. That is to say, of course, we can grow gardens, but only in raised beds.

@Ugly Canuck: So what do you do with the Indian Mustard or whatever once you&#039;ve grown it? Do you just grow it and throw it away? I assume you can&#039;t eat or compost it. Hmmm..... do I spend ten years growing inedible mustard greens and throwing them away, in the hopes that it mitigates the lead in my soil, or do I simply replace large swarths of my soil with fresh organic matter as need be?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Heck, we can&#8217;t grow gardens in Cambridge Massachusetts, so forget about Detroit. That is to say, of course, we can grow gardens, but only in raised beds.</p>
<p>@Ugly Canuck: So what do you do with the Indian Mustard or whatever once you&#8217;ve grown it? Do you just grow it and throw it away? I assume you can&#8217;t eat or compost it. Hmmm&#8230;.. do I spend ten years growing inedible mustard greens and throwing them away, in the hopes that it mitigates the lead in my soil, or do I simply replace large swarths of my soil with fresh organic matter as need be?</p>
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		<title>By: Agies</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127767</link>
		<dc:creator>Agies</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127767</guid>
		<description>There&#039;s also a correlation between falling crime rates and legalized abortion.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There&#8217;s also a correlation between falling crime rates and legalized abortion.</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127770</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127770</guid>
		<description>Aren&#039;t crime stats heavily manipulated? I want to read a study about the accuracy of crime stats... the one thing all police chiefs can hold up to prove their effectiveness. Plus, from what I&#039;ve read, crime is going up in smaller cities.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Aren&#8217;t crime stats heavily manipulated? I want to read a study about the accuracy of crime stats&#8230; the one thing all police chiefs can hold up to prove their effectiveness. Plus, from what I&#8217;ve read, crime is going up in smaller cities.</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127773</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127773</guid>
		<description>@Maggie Koerth-Baker the freakinomics duo says that it lowering of crime correlates with roe vs. wade.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Maggie Koerth-Baker the freakinomics duo says that it lowering of crime correlates with roe vs. wade.</p>
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		<title>By: monkeywidget</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1128797</link>
		<dc:creator>monkeywidget</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1128797</guid>
		<description>If I recall correctly, this video was originally produced with an agenda, endorsing the conclusion.  It&#039;s not a scientific study.

I believe it&#039;s actually a production of the Watermark Community Church (http://www.Watermark.org) and the theme is the deferred reward of heaven.

I think it&#039;s interesting the video linked here is entirely sourceless - no one investigated where it&#039;s from, why it was made.  This link is to a copy.  Journalism is hard!

Behold!  http://vimeo.com/13390367?ab
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If I recall correctly, this video was originally produced with an agenda, endorsing the conclusion.  It&#8217;s not a scientific study.</p>
<p>I believe it&#8217;s actually a production of the Watermark Community Church (<a href="http://www.Watermark.org" rel="nofollow">http://www.Watermark.org</a>) and the theme is the deferred reward of heaven.</p>
<p>I think it&#8217;s interesting the video linked here is entirely sourceless &#8211; no one investigated where it&#8217;s from, why it was made.  This link is to a copy.  Journalism is hard!</p>
<p>Behold!  <a href="http://vimeo.com/13390367?ab" rel="nofollow">http://vimeo.com/13390367?ab</a></p>
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		<title>By: mn_camera</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1128287</link>
		<dc:creator>mn_camera</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1128287</guid>
		<description>I&#039;d be curious to see what percentage of the population was in prime age for crime (teens through maybe 35) during that 30-year span.  I suspect it&#039;s been falling as the country&#039;s demographics concurrently shift up the population pyramid.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;d be curious to see what percentage of the population was in prime age for crime (teens through maybe 35) during that 30-year span.  I suspect it&#8217;s been falling as the country&#8217;s demographics concurrently shift up the population pyramid.</p>
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		<title>By: Jackalope</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1128033</link>
		<dc:creator>Jackalope</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1128033</guid>
		<description>One important step in science is hypothesis formation.  Interesting correlations inspire curiosity and hypothesis formation.  If we are clear that we are asking a new question that merits investigation, rather than claiming a causal link, then we won&#039;t be in error on the admittedly-important &quot;correlation=/=causation&quot; issue.  


One of the most impressive correlations in environmental health is the chart that shows blood lead levels next to total lead used in gasoline.  Sometimes regulations really work.  See the pretty lines:  http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/bnsdocs/98summ/alead/Figure1.gif  (USA 1974-1992)

It would be interesting to compare blood lead levels and crime rates in various countries. 

Unfortunately we do have opportunities for ongoing field testing of lead-exposed populations, as many places in the world still use leaded gasoline.
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANTRANSPORT/Resources/b09phasing.pdf

Even better than more research would be an immediate global ban on leaded gasoline.

</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One important step in science is hypothesis formation.  Interesting correlations inspire curiosity and hypothesis formation.  If we are clear that we are asking a new question that merits investigation, rather than claiming a causal link, then we won&#8217;t be in error on the admittedly-important &#8220;correlation=/=causation&#8221; issue.  </p>
<p>One of the most impressive correlations in environmental health is the chart that shows blood lead levels next to total lead used in gasoline.  Sometimes regulations really work.  See the pretty lines:  <a href="http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/bnsdocs/98summ/alead/Figure1.gif" rel="nofollow">http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/bnsdocs/98summ/alead/Figure1.gif</a>  (USA 1974-1992)</p>
<p>It would be interesting to compare blood lead levels and crime rates in various countries. </p>
<p>Unfortunately we do have opportunities for ongoing field testing of lead-exposed populations, as many places in the world still use leaded gasoline.<br />
<a href="http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANTRANSPORT/Resources/b09phasing.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANTRANSPORT/Resources/b09phasing.pdf</a></p>
<p>Even better than more research would be an immediate global ban on leaded gasoline.</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127789</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127789</guid>
		<description>Where are the results of testing lead-free kids today?  Seems like they are implying that there would be &gt;20% compliance.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Where are the results of testing lead-free kids today?  Seems like they are implying that there would be >20% compliance.</p>
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		<title>By: Gutierrez</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127793</link>
		<dc:creator>Gutierrez</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127793</guid>
		<description>That and the continuing decline of surviving Nazis from WWII.  But there&#039;s stronger evidence that lead could be an actual factor in the decline.  A large number of people just happen to not like Nazis.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>That and the continuing decline of surviving Nazis from WWII.  But there&#8217;s stronger evidence that lead could be an actual factor in the decline.  A large number of people just happen to not like Nazis.</p>
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		<title>By: grs</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1127796</link>
		<dc:creator>grs</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1127796</guid>
		<description>The marshmallow test &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2010-02-19/just-let-them-eat-the-marshmallow/&quot;&gt;is bogus&lt;/a&gt;. So, whatever.

Declining lead exposure due to non-lead based paint and unleaded gas regulations are brought up in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304066504576345553135009870.html&quot;&gt;WSJ&lt;/a&gt; piece. Declining lead exposure is real. 

But as a whole, we are exposed to a wider variety of contaminants (some at ppm, ppb, and ppt) than people in the past. And it&#039;s not just one contaminant, but a whole cocktail of a mess. All that peed out prozac, hormones, and caffeine that our waste water treatment plants don&#039;t filter out ends up someplace. Who knows what those affect will be.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The marshmallow test <a href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2010-02-19/just-let-them-eat-the-marshmallow/">is bogus</a>. So, whatever.</p>
<p>Declining lead exposure due to non-lead based paint and unleaded gas regulations are brought up in this <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304066504576345553135009870.html">WSJ</a> piece. Declining lead exposure is real. </p>
<p>But as a whole, we are exposed to a wider variety of contaminants (some at ppm, ppb, and ppt) than people in the past. And it&#8217;s not just one contaminant, but a whole cocktail of a mess. All that peed out prozac, hormones, and caffeine that our waste water treatment plants don&#8217;t filter out ends up someplace. Who knows what those affect will be.</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2011/06/02/a-possible-link-betw.html#comment-1130102</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">#comment-1130102</guid>
		<description>Crime is down in the last thirty years because abortion became legal and there are less unwanted children in the world. Better access to birth control in general has probably helped as well. Still technically a correlation, but a very compelling one.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Crime is down in the last thirty years because abortion became legal and there are less unwanted children in the world. Better access to birth control in general has probably helped as well. Still technically a correlation, but a very compelling one.</p>
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