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	<title>Comments on: Russian beard tax token from the reign of Peter the&#160;Great</title>
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	<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html</link>
	<description>Brain candy for Happy Mutants</description>
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		<title>By: Micheal MacLean</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1573379</link>
		<dc:creator>Micheal MacLean</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 03 Nov 2012 17:52:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1573379</guid>
		<description> In Turkey&#039;s defense, they have a long history of having outside cultural influence forced upon them by various rulers. Banning a hat (or two) may seem extreme (or silly) but it was all part of finding their own cultural identity.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> In Turkey&#8217;s defense, they have a long history of having outside cultural influence forced upon them by various rulers. Banning a hat (or two) may seem extreme (or silly) but it was all part of finding their own cultural identity.</p>
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		<title>By: Ito Kagehisa</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1572558</link>
		<dc:creator>Ito Kagehisa</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 02 Nov 2012 18:34:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1572558</guid>
		<description> As I understand it, at the time it was intentionally targeted at Jews, although it&#039;s arguable if that is really what &quot;Anti-semitic&quot; means.  Also confusing the issue, this was long before &quot;anti semitic&quot; was redefined to mean &quot;anti Zionist&quot;.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> As I understand it, at the time it was intentionally targeted at Jews, although it&#8217;s arguable if that is really what &#8220;Anti-semitic&#8221; means.  Also confusing the issue, this was long before &#8220;anti semitic&#8221; was redefined to mean &#8220;anti Zionist&#8221;.</p>
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		<title>By: Bill Chen</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1572083</link>
		<dc:creator>Bill Chen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 02 Nov 2012 01:24:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1572083</guid>
		<description> Most of the creative people are liberals. I remember when Avatar came out and some conservatives</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> Most of the creative people are liberals. I remember when Avatar came out and some conservatives</p>
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		<title>By: Mike</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1572016</link>
		<dc:creator>Mike</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 23:29:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1572016</guid>
		<description>I wondered to what extent it was consciously antisemitic, and for that matter what the exposure of Jews was to this issue in that era...  up to 1725.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I wondered to what extent it was consciously antisemitic, and for that matter what the exposure of Jews was to this issue in that era&#8230;  up to 1725.</p>
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		<title>By: Sarah Smith</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571640</link>
		<dc:creator>Sarah Smith</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 19:18:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571640</guid>
		<description>I&#039;m also thinking that this may have been an anti-Semitic move.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m also thinking that this may have been an anti-Semitic move.</p>
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		<title>By: Ito Kagehisa</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571562</link>
		<dc:creator>Ito Kagehisa</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 18:20:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571562</guid>
		<description>A couple of things (related to me decades ago by the most excellent Dr. Marvin Thomas) that people haven&#039;t already hit:

Peter&#039;s father taxed men &lt;i&gt;without&lt;/i&gt; beards.  This wasn&#039;t a new tax, it was a total reversal of the basis of beard taxation.

Russian Jews, who were of course exempt from Christian prohibitions on usury (moneylending), were religiously required to wear facial hair.  The beard tax was a significant income generator for Peter, who (like most European monarchs) owed significant amounts of money to Jewish moneylenders.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A couple of things (related to me decades ago by the most excellent Dr. Marvin Thomas) that people haven&#8217;t already hit:</p>
<p>Peter&#8217;s father taxed men <i>without</i> beards.  This wasn&#8217;t a new tax, it was a total reversal of the basis of beard taxation.</p>
<p>Russian Jews, who were of course exempt from Christian prohibitions on usury (moneylending), were religiously required to wear facial hair.  The beard tax was a significant income generator for Peter, who (like most European monarchs) owed significant amounts of money to Jewish moneylenders.</p>
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		<title>By: Mike</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571554</link>
		<dc:creator>Mike</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 18:13:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571554</guid>
		<description>The question is whether to go from an honor and responsibility model, to an economic model.   The first works in a community, but if you decide that what you are really running is a market for day care services and not a community, then, of course, the incentives have to be economically motivating.   The first can be more efficient, if you have buy in.  Once you throw it away though, you have to commit to incentives that actually work.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The question is whether to go from an honor and responsibility model, to an economic model.   The first works in a community, but if you decide that what you are really running is a market for day care services and not a community, then, of course, the incentives have to be economically motivating.   The first can be more efficient, if you have buy in.  Once you throw it away though, you have to commit to incentives that actually work.</p>
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		<title>By: Brad Zimmerman</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571485</link>
		<dc:creator>Brad Zimmerman</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 17:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571485</guid>
		<description>This is why Russia has declined - everything is bass-ackwards.  

Beards are normal.  Shaving and its costly implements is unnatural.  Plus, a nice beard always implies trustworthiness as we all know - yet another reason for us in the west to have them but a good reason why the Ruskies shouldn&#039;t be allowed them.

Bearded Brad
Kraków, POLSKA</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is why Russia has declined &#8211; everything is bass-ackwards.  </p>
<p>Beards are normal.  Shaving and its costly implements is unnatural.  Plus, a nice beard always implies trustworthiness as we all know &#8211; yet another reason for us in the west to have them but a good reason why the Ruskies shouldn&#8217;t be allowed them.</p>
<p>Bearded Brad<br />
Kraków, POLSKA</p>
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		<title>By: Nelson</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571447</link>
		<dc:creator>Nelson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 17:04:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571447</guid>
		<description>I stutter when I comment.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I stutter when I comment.</p>
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		<title>By: Dimmer</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571442</link>
		<dc:creator>Dimmer</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 17:01:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571442</guid>
		<description>I think you just said that…</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think you just said that…</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>By: acerplatanoides</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571437</link>
		<dc:creator>acerplatanoides</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 17:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571437</guid>
		<description>In post-soviet america, hipster have token beard. 

In pre-soviet russia, hipster have beard token </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In post-soviet america, hipster have token beard. </p>
<p>In pre-soviet russia, hipster have beard token </p>
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		<title>By: gypsyspacemuffin</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571357</link>
		<dc:creator>gypsyspacemuffin</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 16:10:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571357</guid>
		<description>Well. Those who wore their facial hair ironically were considered half a century ahead of their time in terms of style, and permitted to keep their beards for free.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Well. Those who wore their facial hair ironically were considered half a century ahead of their time in terms of style, and permitted to keep their beards for free.</p>
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		<title>By: Nelson</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571336</link>
		<dc:creator>Nelson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 15:59:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571336</guid>
		<description>beardtoken.com</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>beardtoken.com</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Nelson</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571335</link>
		<dc:creator>Nelson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 15:58:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571335</guid>
		<description>You can get your own replicas at beardtoken.com.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You can get your own replicas at beardtoken.com.</p>
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		<title>By: Navin_Johnson</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571300</link>
		<dc:creator>Navin_Johnson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 15:25:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571300</guid>
		<description>A tax wasn&#039;t necessary, you should have just had to prove that you&#039;d earned your beard through hardship, payin&#039; dues, and badassery. All the soft 18th century Russian hipsters would have to cut them off or pay the highest fee.. </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A tax wasn&#8217;t necessary, you should have just had to prove that you&#8217;d earned your beard through hardship, payin&#8217; dues, and badassery. All the soft 18th century Russian hipsters would have to cut them off or pay the highest fee.. </p>
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		<title>By: Wisconsin Platt</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571290</link>
		<dc:creator>Wisconsin Platt</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 15:12:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571290</guid>
		<description>I want one.  Economics aside, I&#039;d like my replication beard tax token.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I want one.  Economics aside, I&#8217;d like my replication beard tax token.</p>
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		<title>By: Florian Bösch</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571283</link>
		<dc:creator>Florian Bösch</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 15:05:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571283</guid>
		<description>&lt;a href=&quot;http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_mb8ph4MO2r1r2ahfqo2_400.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;I beard what you did there&lt;/a&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_mb8ph4MO2r1r2ahfqo2_400.gif" rel="nofollow">I beard what you did there</a></p>
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		<title>By: Marja Erwin</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571280</link>
		<dc:creator>Marja Erwin</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 15:04:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571280</guid>
		<description>And cutting up one&#039;s face with sharp blades is not a superfluous burden?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>And cutting up one&#8217;s face with sharp blades is not a superfluous burden?</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Trefunk</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571265</link>
		<dc:creator>Trefunk</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 14:48:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571265</guid>
		<description>That&#039;s nice.
So even if the incentive doesn&#039;t work, the &quot;astronomical fees&quot; should be enough to reimburse the extra hours.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>That&#8217;s nice.<br />
So even if the incentive doesn&#8217;t work, the &#8220;astronomical fees&#8221; should be enough to reimburse the extra hours.</p>
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		<title>By: Dan Hibiki</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571255</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan Hibiki</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 14:34:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571255</guid>
		<description>the Tax is based on your profession. So the rich had to pay far more for the right to own a bears then the peasant.

That&#039;s why Romney&#039;s grand parents moved to Mexico.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>the Tax is based on your profession. So the rich had to pay far more for the right to own a bears then the peasant.</p>
<p>That&#8217;s why Romney&#8217;s grand parents moved to Mexico.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Dan Hibiki</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571252</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan Hibiki</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 14:32:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571252</guid>
		<description> yeah, every daycare in Ontario has late fees that are astronomical and it works like a charm.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> yeah, every daycare in Ontario has late fees that are astronomical and it works like a charm.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Dan Hibiki</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571249</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan Hibiki</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 14:27:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571249</guid>
		<description>yeah they just beat you to a pulp.

much more civilized.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>yeah they just beat you to a pulp.</p>
<p>much more civilized.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Trefunk</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571237</link>
		<dc:creator>Trefunk</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 14:08:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571237</guid>
		<description>beardpalm.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>beardpalm.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Florian Bösch</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571234</link>
		<dc:creator>Florian Bösch</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 14:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571234</guid>
		<description>Look I&#039;ve made it, I can afford to piss of the Zar and I can afford it too! Woot, I pimped my beard. I&#039;m now gonna hang the token of wealth off it to show off. Would go grand with my spinning wheel rims on my lorry.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Look I&#8217;ve made it, I can afford to piss of the Zar and I can afford it too! Woot, I pimped my beard. I&#8217;m now gonna hang the token of wealth off it to show off. Would go grand with my spinning wheel rims on my lorry.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: allotrope</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571224</link>
		<dc:creator>allotrope</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 13:52:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571224</guid>
		<description>Flaunting a beard either you marked as an opponent of the Tsar&#039;s policies or hopelessly unfashionable conservative Orthodox believer (or both). Considering that Peter the Great sister&#039;s had twice tried to launch a coup d&#039;etat (her powerful supporters were stringed up outside her window), positioning yourself as an opponent could be both dangerous and definitely harmful for your career at the court. The price for a beard was higher than just the tax. It certainly didn&#039;t make you popular. </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Flaunting a beard either you marked as an opponent of the Tsar&#8217;s policies or hopelessly unfashionable conservative Orthodox believer (or both). Considering that Peter the Great sister&#8217;s had twice tried to launch a coup d&#8217;etat (her powerful supporters were stringed up outside her window), positioning yourself as an opponent could be both dangerous and definitely harmful for your career at the court. The price for a beard was higher than just the tax. It certainly didn&#8217;t make you popular. </p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Trefunk</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571207</link>
		<dc:creator>Trefunk</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 13:21:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571207</guid>
		<description>Yeah, Freakonomics cited that day-care study. But isn&#039;t the solution simply to find the amount of shekels that&#039;s worth more than an hour of shopping time?

In Russia the beard tax kind of worked (among other measures), resulting in a more &quot;European&quot;-looking court.
In England the beard tax had been introduced 160 years before by Henry VIII, who later changed his mind, grew a beard and ended the tax. It was reintroduced by his daughter, though.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Yeah, Freakonomics cited that day-care study. But isn&#8217;t the solution simply to find the amount of shekels that&#8217;s worth more than an hour of shopping time?</p>
<p>In Russia the beard tax kind of worked (among other measures), resulting in a more &#8220;European&#8221;-looking court.<br />
In England the beard tax had been introduced 160 years before by Henry VIII, who later changed his mind, grew a beard and ended the tax. It was reintroduced by his daughter, though.</p>
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		<title>By: Sam Pourasghar</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571197</link>
		<dc:creator>Sam Pourasghar</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 13:04:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571197</guid>
		<description>The chin is indeed the window to the soul, so only the privelaged may afford to keep their black hearts hidden.

Hang on, what about stubble? And ridiculous moustaches? And what if you shaved but then drew a fake beard on with felt tips? And what of the homeless? They might not be able to afford beard tokens OR razors, their predicament plunging them further into impossible debt.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The chin is indeed the window to the soul, so only the privelaged may afford to keep their black hearts hidden.</p>
<p>Hang on, what about stubble? And ridiculous moustaches? And what if you shaved but then drew a fake beard on with felt tips? And what of the homeless? They might not be able to afford beard tokens OR razors, their predicament plunging them further into impossible debt.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Boundegar</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571192</link>
		<dc:creator>Boundegar</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 12:54:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571192</guid>
		<description>There once was a daycare center in Israel, and the owner grew tired of parents arriving late to pick up their little Israeli larvae.  So she (or perhaps he) instituted a small fine for lateness.  To everyone&#039;s surprise, the frequency of lateness went way up.  It turns out, parents saw it not as a penalty, but as a fee.  If they could pay a few extra shekels and get an hour of free shopping time, it was a bargain.

I wonder if the beard tax could have had the same effect?  </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There once was a daycare center in Israel, and the owner grew tired of parents arriving late to pick up their little Israeli larvae.  So she (or perhaps he) instituted a small fine for lateness.  To everyone&#8217;s surprise, the frequency of lateness went way up.  It turns out, parents saw it not as a penalty, but as a fee.  If they could pay a few extra shekels and get an hour of free shopping time, it was a bargain.</p>
<p>I wonder if the beard tax could have had the same effect?  </p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Trefunk</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571191</link>
		<dc:creator>Trefunk</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 12:52:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571191</guid>
		<description>http://lh4.ggpht.com/-BCQK7TuvUL0/Tv3oTC7WVcI/AAAAAAAABFs/5b_zs7y_Wpw/_a42d162820384832c68c51bfbb97f428%25255B3%25255D.jpg</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-BCQK7TuvUL0/Tv3oTC7WVcI/AAAAAAAABFs/5b_zs7y_Wpw/_a42d162820384832c68c51bfbb97f428%25255B3%25255D.jpg" rel="nofollow">http://lh4.ggpht.com/-BCQK7TuvUL0/Tv3oTC7WVcI/AAAAAAAABFs/5b_zs7y_Wpw/_a42d162820384832c68c51bfbb97f428%25255B3%25255D.jpg</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Boundegar</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/10/31/russian-beard-tax-token-from-t.html#comment-1571190</link>
		<dc:creator>Boundegar</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Nov 2012 12:51:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=191229#comment-1571190</guid>
		<description>No, I think even the women were required to shave their beards.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>No, I think even the women were required to shave their beards.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
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