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	<title>Boing Boing &#187; Brian Lam</title>
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		<title>The more-certain future of Aquarius, the last undersea science&#160;lab</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2013/01/23/the-more-certain-future-of-aqu.html</link>
		<comments>http://boingboing.net/2013/01/23/the-more-certain-future-of-aqu.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 23 Jan 2013 15:33:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Brian Lam</dc:creator>
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		<category><![CDATA[aquarius]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=207771</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A recent grant is enough to keep Aquarius, the world's only remaining underwater research habitat, actively maintained by its salty crew. But it won't cover scientific mission funding. Aquarius lives, but it's also like it's taking a long nap.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div style="max-width:600px;">

<p>Last summer Aquarius reef base--the world's only remaining underwater research habitat where scientists can live and work underwater for over a week at a time--conducted its final mission in the Florida Keys, after the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) cut its already meager funding from $3m to $0.

<p>I was lucky enough to spend <a href="http://boingboing.net/2012/07/17/a-journey-to-aquariusth.html">a few weeks diving down to the base last summer</a> and got to see first hand how some experiments really require scientists to be stationed underwater. Some experiments can't be conducted yet by telepresence using robots because of lack of precision or resolution, nor can some experiments be set up during the limited dive time afforded by scuba.

<p>But last week brought good news that Florida International University won a grant to keep Aquarius going. Sort of.</div><span id="more-207771"></span>

<div style="max-width:600px;">
<p>The grant is enough to keep Aquarius actively maintained by its old salty crew, who are full of esoteric knowledge and who know how to keep this thing from rotting away, like all manmade things quickly do in the salt water. But it won't cover scientific mission funding, and so, Aquarius lives, but it's also like it's taking a long nap. 

<p>During this nap, the remaining crew of the Aquarius--those who didn't leave for other jobs while the future of the base looked grim--will be busy visiting the base to keep it in good shape. They'll keep the outside of the base from being overgrown with bio matter by scrubbing the view ports and doing everything they can to make sure the top side communications, life support and diesel generators are in solid enough shape to eventually support aquanauts, defined as those visitors who stay under and live in the habitat for at least a night. 

<p>When will missions resume? FIU says by summer the team could host short visits for education or outreach, but Tom Potts, the Director of Aquarius Reef Base, cautions that full-blown,week-long undersea science missions could take awhile. "I don't anticipate we'll run a full-blown saturation mission this year, as we need to establish the new shore base and hire a few more staff,” he says. 

<p>Dr. Jim Fourqurean, a FIU biology professor, will be overseeing the base's activities. He says that while NOAA's funding will allow them to keep the base as-is, they're talking with and thinking about working with private and public agencies like "NASA and the Navy and private underwater engineering companies and space agencies" to see who might use the unique base and help fund its operations. (NASA used the base for its NEEMO missions, famous for, among other things, being a great place to test zero-g mission scenarios like how they'd blow up an asteroid before it could collide with Earth.)

<p>He added that FIU is an ideal home for Aquarius as they ramp up their "research, teaching and outreach activities in the Florida Keys." (Which is a rare and pleasant thing to hear since a lot of non-commercial ocean research funding seems to be shrinking.)

<p>Like many oceanographic research facilities, access to Aquarius has been exclusive in the last century. But if things go right, Potts anticipates a modern upgrade to Aquarius that'll help justify its existence to those who aren't some of the few hundred or so aquanauts lucky enough to live under the sea so far. He says, "We will be seeking funding to turn Aquarius into a fully instrumented, high-tech observation post that beams detailed data on ocean health directly to the web. We also look forward to upgrading the existing communications systems so that it is easier to allow a virtual presence on the habitat by anyone with a fast internet connection."

<p>As always, it depends on the funding.</div>]]></content:encoded>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Defunded - a heartbreaking look at the state of oceanic&#160;research</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2012/07/18/defunded-a-heartbreaking-loo.html</link>
		<comments>http://boingboing.net/2012/07/18/defunded-a-heartbreaking-loo.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Jul 2012 17:32:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Brian Lam</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Post]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aquarius base]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[oceanography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sylvia Earle]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://boingboing.net/?p=171818</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This week, I'm reporting from the <a href="http://aquarius.uncw.edu/">Aquarius undersea research base</a> in Key Largo, Florida. The habitat is the world's last undersea research base.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><iframe width="600" height="338" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/0kRAHDFF2oI" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<p>This week, I'm reporting from the <a href="http://aquarius.uncw.edu/">Aquarius undersea research base</a> in Key Largo, Florida. The habitat is the world's last undersea research base. Because NOAA is pulling funding from the 22 year old facility in September, this week's mission is its last scheduled one. 

<p>This is a video of oceanographer and National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvia_Earle">Sylvia Earle</a> that was taken a day or two ago. She's being filmed on Aquarius a Red Camera that is in a waterproof housing tethered to an internet connection in the base. Sylvia's helmet, which is a custom variation of a helmet that working divers use, is equipped with a point of view camera and audio comms. The entire thing was streamed over Ustream a few days ago. This section of the video is of her answering the broad and simple question--Why should we care about the ocean? <span id="more-171818"></span>

<p>The answer she gives above is, in typical Earle style, heartbreaking. The oceans have been in trouble for quite awhile now, but the video above is taking place only because Sylvia is trying to stand up for not only the oceans this week, but the Aquarius habitat itself, which she believes is a critical tool and last of its kind for ocean scientists and the ocean itself.
<p>
When the base shuts down, the world will lose its only publically funded saturation diving facility, which is not beneficial to science for three main reasons: In Aquarius, scientists can conduct undersea experiments that are too intricate or dependent on direct observation for robots. And scientists can also stay in deep water 9-10x the time a scuba diver can because Aquanauts never have to surface and risk decompression sickness at the end of a day. Lastly, because the data from the reef has been coming in for the last 20 so years, it serves as a constant yardstick for the health of the oceans in general. That data flow should not be interrupted. <p>

The other thing that is super confusing about the decision to pull the plug on Aquarius's parent program, the <a href="http://www.nurp.noaa.gov/">National Undersea Research Program</a> (AKA NURP) is that the <a href="http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/HURL/">Hawaii Undersea Research Lab</a> (AKA HURL) under NURP is also being shut down.<p>

While Wood's Hole's Alvin is being recommissioned, the Piscese subs are our only two subs capable of taking man to the depth of 2,000 meters. I spent a lot of time this Spring hanging out on the pier where the Pisces subs are located on the windward side of Hawaii. I was told by Terry Kerby, the longtime pilot of the subs, that the viewports on Pisces IV and V, which are pointed forward and not down as on Navy designed subs which are meant to cruise in the midwater instead of depth, are our two best observational subs.
<p>
Meanwhile, China, France, India, Russia and others are building subs capable of 6,000 meters, and James Cameron, Richard Branson and other visionaries of the deep are spending their own money to bring man to the deep. 
<p>
NOAA is cutting programs largely because of rising costs of weather satellites which are critically important to millions, especially after Katrina. But these satellites cost over $800m and Aquarius and HURL's subs cost $5m total per year, to run. Some public schools cost more than this to run.
<p>
It's confusing to me why this is a good idea to handicap the very machines that let us understand the ocean as human beings and not just data collecting bots. Perception that comes from peripheral vision, or the heat felt from a hydro thermal vent, or the inner ear sensations a pilot feels as a strong current jostles a sub are all important.
<p>
A lot has been made of the advance of ROVs in the last few years, which are cheaper and more capable than ever. Robot arms can be strong and articulate at the same time. Cameras can see in darker places than our own eyes can. But robots lack the imagination and creativity and intuition that human observers in a habitat or Aquarius can use to create the theories that the data is used to test; they lack the ability to intuit theories which are then backed up by data. 
<p>
I'm not saying we don't need ROVs. I love ROVs. But asking us to explore the sea without being there is like expecting to explore everest with a telescope. 
<p>
We have to keep going to the places we seek to understand, to see with our own eyes. 
<p>
And with that, I am going diving now.]]></content:encoded>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Kung Fu Kid (and why it&#039;s OK the new movie isn&#039;t called&#160;that)</title>
		<link>http://boingboing.net/2010/06/11/the-kung-fu-kid.html</link>
		<comments>http://boingboing.net/2010/06/11/the-kung-fu-kid.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Jun 2010 01:53:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Brian Lam</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Feature]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[I was seven when this photograph was taken of me attempting Daniel-San's crane technique in the sand. It must have been around this age that <em>Karate Kid</em> jump-kicked its way into my subconscious, sketching an outline for my life and my own incarnation of the American Dream: Focus your chi, beat up your enemies, win the trophy. 
<p>
The new <em>Karate Kid</em> happens to feature Kung Fu. Although some have a problem with that literal misnomer (Karate is not the same martial art form as Kung Fu), I believe this apparent discrepancy speaks to deeper, common roots and philosophies shared by all martial arts. I'm cool with it.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<a href="http://www.boingboing.net/2010/06/11/the-kung-fu-kid.html"><img alt="bbeach.jpg" src="http://www.boingboing.net/im/bbeach.jpg" width="970"  class="mt-image-none" style="" /></a>
<p>


<div style="font-size:18px;font-family:'Hoefler Text','Constantia,','Georgia',serif;width:600px;margin:0px auto">I was seven when this photograph was taken of me attempting Daniel-San's crane technique in the sand. It must have been around this age that <em>Karate Kid</em> jump-kicked its way into my subconscious, sketching an outline for my life and my own incarnation of the American Dream: Focus your chi, beat up your enemies, win the trophy. 
<p>
The new <em>Karate Kid</em> happens to feature Kung Fu. Although some have a problem with that literal misnomer (Karate is not the same martial art form as Kung Fu), I believe this apparent discrepancy speaks to deeper, common roots and philosophies shared by all martial arts. I'm cool with it.
<p>
I have three favorite films that parallel with important phases of my life. 
<p>
The most recent phase pairs up with <em>Seven Samurai</em> by Akira Kurosawa,  a period piece about the cost of glory, the strength of quiet character, and teamwork for the sake of common good. You could say this film defines the part of my life working at Gizmodo, developing it into a large group effort. 
<p>
In my twenties and teenage years, <em>Enter the Dragon</em> taught me about the confidence a young Chinese man could have. With his Jeet Kune Do style of abandoning the confinement of style, Bruce Lee taught me to take what is best and avoid being bound to traditional limitations, and rigid, old sets of rules. 
<p>
The film that pairs up with the earliest phase of my life is the original <em>Karate Kid</em>, about the dream of a young man's life-- and for me, naturally, the early dreams of my own life. 
<p>
In a decade glutted with Van Damme films, this was the most human of contemporary martial arts movies. Apart from lacking Van Damme, it also, thankfully, lacked the overdramatized emotional displays common in classic Kung Fu films. We see fear and adrenaline on Daniel-San's face and in his body language in combat; we see his awkwardness when he flirts with the cheerleader; we see his embarrassment when he is thrown into sand by the Cobra Kai; we see his bruises and injuries after scuffles. All of these human shortcomings makes that little plastic Valley Karate tournament trophy so much more shiny, and his sweetheart's love more sweet, in the end. Sure, the fight choreography is great, but the story itself is greater for any young man who has found solace in the dojo, as I did.
<p>
I met my first bully when I went to school in Hong Kong for a year, not long after seeing <em>Karate Kid</em> for the first time. The bully was a big, 9-year-old Australian. He picked on me constantly for being friends with a sweet 8-year-old California girl. 
<p>
I took karate, but no one taught me how to correctly tie the belt on my oversized uniform.  My pants fell off at every punch in one sequence we practiced. The Australian giant had one last laugh before I flew back to America when the school year ended. There was no victory, only surrender.
<p>
I did not practice karate again until my teenage years, but my return to the discipline happened just in time, saving me from hormone-driven angst after I scarfed a bunch of Advil in a mock suicide/heartbreak maneuver. After hitting that ibuprofen bottom, I started up some Tae Kwon Do with my friends Mike and Pete.  I wasn't gifted as an athlete or student, but it was pretty clear from the start that kicking and punching were what I did best. 
<p>
Within a few weeks I could kick tops of doorstops with vertical sidekicks and full splits. We  lifted weights, took classes, watched tapes and taught each other Kung Fu, Judo, Jujitsu and Shotokan Karate on cheap foam mats.  My height and weight were identical to those of Bruce Lee. 
<p>
Unlike Daniel-San, I will admit that I did not always use my gifts exclusively for self-defense. But in an environment of widespread juvenile vengeance and pride, each of my strikes seemed fair at the time. 
<p>
The first person I ever punched was Shawnee Alexandri. You couldn't call him a bully, but he was an antagonistic motormouth. After asking him countless times to shut up, I gave him a right cross and put him in a headlock in the school weight room. Everyone turned around, surprised. I was surprised, too: at how pliant the human face could be when it swung around on a human neck, and how much being jacked-up on adrenaline made me lose fine motor skills. 
<p>
As long as you don't hit teeth or the top of the head, you will not get hurt. The captain of the football team told me it was "kind of a good punch" before the room returned to normal. That move must have seemed shocking to onlookers, coming from a skinny little honor class geek with broken glasses. I had just broken high school cliché rules (and quite nearly some of Shawnee's teeth). 
<p>
Before graduation, I would go on to threaten to drop-kick the captain of the football team for picking on my little brother, and would slide-tackle the school bully during gym class for kicking my shins one too many times. Anyone who picked on me once never picked on me again. 
<p>
I never got in trouble, because kids in smart people classes just didn't get detention. Most importantly, I'd worked out the self-pity and when I clenched my fist, I felt a spark of self-worth. I believed I could will myself to overcome problems in life. Just like the Karate Kid.
<p>
I went through college in an an unspectacular way. I went to a mediocre school, got mediocre grades, and had a mediocre time. I picked up a few skills but practiced nothing. I expected to grow up, but it didn't happen. I got fat.
<p>
Like Daniel-San, I picked up my East Coast roots and moved to California. I found a gym, the Fairtex Muay Thai school in San Francisco run by boxers from Bangkok who had all come from poverty and risen to championships (the recruiters only recruit the poor, because, like Mike Tyson, they fight harder.) 
<p>
When I was laid off after the first internet bubble burst, all of the people who were fired alongside me were upset. Some cried. I could only think of the gym. 
<p>
I worked full-time there, mopping floors. In a few months I was training, teaching and sparring almost every day, and I remember how content I was sitting under a skylight drenched from the routine of exercise, about to start teaching class. I remember thinking to myself, "I will never be more happy than I am right now." 
<p>
And although I have been happier, life was never more simple. The head instructors were all gentle, strong, hilariously perverted, and generous with their knowledge. They, unlike the Americans at the gym, weren't there because they were afraid of life. For them, this wasn't therapy to work out aggressive tendencies. They did this because they had the skill, and because  they began with no better options in life. They were Mr. Miyagis  who would grab your nuts when you weren't paying attention in order to teach you how to pay attention. 
<p>
It ended quickly. 
<p>
One June, three years into this part of my life, I had the perfect exhibition match. I could feel where every punch and kick were coming from, and I kept complete composure. I was far from the best, but I felt that day I'd reached the level I wanted to reach. 
<p>
A few weeks later,  I witnessed the owner of the gym get shot while chasing down a plain-looking guy who backed into his parked car out in the alley behind the gym. 
<p>
That plain-looking guy happened to be a serious criminal who'd skipped parole meetings for a year. I tried to give the gym owner CPR, but as they took his body off the street, wrapped in my t-shirt (I remember it had a phoenix logo),  something changed inside. I didn't want to live by the sword anymore. 
<p>
Two days later, the murderer shot himself in a standoff with police after a widely publicized manhunt, and round-the-clock media coverage. 
<p>
The gym closed.
<p>
I thought I could approach something more meditative. I took some Aikido classes to learn how to draw the sword and cut, but I didn't have the heart for it now. I had to leave it, and everyone in that world, behind. I no longer believed it was the way. I broke my leg in a motorcycle accident and although the metal rod in my left tibia makes the bone stronger, every time I kicked the ankle went numb. I was finished. I began focusing instead on writing.
<p>
It's been years since I've practiced martial arts. But having studied a few different types, I guess you could say everything I do is done with as much martial spirit as I can muster. From the way I think, or move, from cooking to writing to running Gizmodo, to surfing, I have practiced enough that the best and worst lessons have become part of who I am. When something runs this deep, and when you've observed and practiced more than a few types of martial arts, its hard to understand why some people on the internet would raise such a fuss over the new <em>Karate Kid</em> movie being focused around Kung Fu instead of Karate. 
<p>
Muay Thai is a brutal art. It involves knees, shins, elbows, and gloves on the fists. In the old days, I was told, fighters would dip their taped fists into broken glass-- but today, it's more of a graceful and tough sport. There are rules: no eye gouges or groin kicks. Its square stance and blocks are mostly meant to deflect round strikes from the sides or quick jabs to the face and body-- and because of that, you could say Muay Thai has a weakness to strong spinning back kicks. They aren't an official part of Muay Thai, but no one winces when you do them because it is not as cultish of a sport as other more traditional martial arts.
<p>
Still, a Muay Thai practitioner wouldn't necessarily know how to use or defend against these kicks. I know this because of my experience in other martial arts. And I know this because of Jongsanan Fairtex.
<p>
Jongsanan Fairtex's nickname is "the wooden man." He was one of the most decorated fighters in the gym, and was ranked by some publications in Thailand as one of the top 10 fighters of all time. If I remember correctly, his record was 98-28-0, and he's best known for a match referred to as "the elbow fight", where he and his opponent traded elbow smashes to each other's crowns repeatedly, with neither man going down. One of Jongsanan's moves, which he'd throw in every couple of fights when he knew his opponent was on his heels or the ropes, was the spinning back kick. It was sometimes effective, but it's also demoralizing to see your opponent break a rule of Muay Thai and turn his back to you. As a master, Jonsanan knew when to break the rule of the system and throw some jazz into the equation.
<p>
So, with Jongsanan in mind: Okay, the title of the "new" <em>Karate Kid</em> title may be a misnomer in the literal sense.  But I don't consider the title a mistake. Some may argue that the filmmakers are demonstrating cultural insensitivity to Chinese and Japanese martial artists. But I believe the Karate/Kung Fu discrepancy can also be interpreted as masterful perception. Because a master, like Bruce Lee or Jongsanan, knows that at the core, there is no real difference between any of the martial arts. In fact, this is the very sort of provincial distinction Bruce Lee fought against throughout his life. 
<p>
All martial arts operate on the same fundamentals, more or less. Each has a different emphasis on legs, feet, hard crushing or soft flowing styles, feints and slips or direct blocks. Each art has strengths and weaknesses. But the principles within each art are the same: efficient movement, focused minds, and strong spirits. When you understand that, there's no sense in fussing with the rules just for the sake of the rules. 
<p>
Was Jongsanan, one of the defining fighters of this last 100 years, not doing Muay Thai when he did spin kicks? Or did he just reinvent Muay Thai when he threw that move in, during a few of his fights? 
<p>
The correct title of the martial art in question hardly matters when your enemy is sprawled at your feet, knocked out by an attack with no name.
<p>
<hr />

<em><b>The Karate Kid</b>, released as <b>The Kung Fu Kid</b> in China and Japan, opens today in theaters.</em></div>]]></content:encoded>
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